Continuous kiln



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

P. L. YOUNGREN.

GONTINUGUS KILN.

Patented FebL 7, 1893.

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P. L. YOUNG-REN.

2 sheetssheet 2.

(No Model.)

ONTINUOUS KEN.

Patented Peb. 7, m3,

Unirse Sterns Armar rica.

PETER L. YOUNGREN, OF OAKLAND, CALFQRNIA.

CONTINUOUS KiLN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 491,396, dated February7, 1893. Application filed August 4, 1892i Serial No. 442,169. (NomodelJ To .f1/ZZ whom t may concern.:

Be. it known that i, Paras L; Youncnnn, a citizen of Sweden, residing inOakland, Alameda county, tritate of California, have invented anImprovement in Continuous Kilos; and l hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to the class of coutinuons kilns for burning bricksand other wares, and it consists in the novel arrangement andcombinations of lines and passages hereinafter fully described andspecifically pointed out in the claims.

The object of my invention is to provide a kiln of such constructionthat the heat may be advanced and the ware dried and burned in the,lower part of the compartment as Well as in the top part of it,a resultwhich is found impossible in other kilns of this type; and also providefor a perfect combustion of the fuel in the bottom portion of the kiln.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanationof my inventiem-Figure l is alongitudinal central vertical section ofthe kiln compartments. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the irregularline w-to ot' Fig. l. Fig. 3 isa cross section ou line c# .e of Fig. 2.Fig. i is a cross section on line fy-rj of Fig. Fig. 5 is a crosssection on line zr-gt of Fig. 2. l

l construct a drying floor by forming the bottom ot the kiln P into aseries of longitudinal passages L opening into the compartment at oneend and into a transverse exit passage B at the other end, and arrangedin sections, each section preferably adapted to correspond to a kilncompartment, and having its separate connection with the stack and withthe hot air flue. The communication between the longitudinal passages Land the compartment is through aperforated portion of the floor shown atZ. Directly below the pertorations l construct a transverse cleaningchannel A and extend the same out under the outside wall of the kiln andprovide the opening with a temporary cover T, by the removal of whichthe ashes and sand lfalling down through the pertorations may be removedwith a scraper. The transverse exit passages B communicate with thesmoke chamber C, said communication being controlled by dampors b.

Centrally above the smoke chamber C I arrange a hot air yflue K which Iprovide with three distinct series of branch lines M, N and (l. Brauchlines M connect the hot air flue K with the inner and outer side of thekiln compartments, extending first downward and then under and acrosssaid compartments and having upward extensions E, F, opening into thekiln compartments. Branch lues N conneet the hot air llue K with theexit passages B of each compartment, and have upward extensions uconnecting with the outside air and provided with a cover V. Branch luesO connect the hot air ilue K with the upper part of the kilncompartments. One or more ot each of these branch fines may be providedfor each compartment. Suitable dampers m, n and o control these liues.

The operation of the kiln is as follows:- Assuming that compartments atand4 5 are being fired, the products of combustion are allowed to passahead as shown by the arrows, through the green bricks in compartments 3and 2, their exit dampers b being closed, until the capacity of saidproducts for absorbing moisture is exhausted. They are then caused topass down through the perforated door Z in compartment l into thelongitudinal passages L and into the exit passage B and thence into thesmoke chamber C. In passing under the floor a portion of the heat isradiated through the same and into the green bricks in the lower part ofthe kiln compartment l. The hot air line K is pnt in connection with thetop of the compartments 6 or the others behind it, through the brauch`llue O, and at the same time flue K is opened into that branch flue M,which enters compartment l. The hot air then passes along in the spaceformed by the settling of the burned bricks in compartment 6 and theothers behind it, and will find its Way through these lines O and M intocompartment l from both sides and traverse the lower part of same inopposite direction to the main draft of the kiln. These hot air currentswill be superheated by contact with the hot floor, and will carry ottthe moisture in this portion directly to the draft passages Withouttraversing other and cooler portions of the kiln. In other kilns of thistype the watersmoke or steam from the bricks is first generated at thetop of the kiln owing to the tendency of the heated gases to rise; itpasses along the arch until opposite the exit passage Where it is forceddown through colder and unheated portions of the ware where the greaterpart of the steam it carries is condensedand deposited on the brick,thereby producing a sluggish movement of the watersrnoke, clogging ofthe kiln at the bottom and discoloration of the ware. By arranging mydrying oor and hot air passages, as I have described, it will be seenthat this very serious objection to the successful operation of the kilnis entirely avoided, as the Hoor and lower portion of the kiln is rstheated, and the moisture expelled, and thereby preparing a free vent forthe draft when it is desired to advance it to the next chamber ahead.

Another feature of my invention is the provision made for the perfectcombustion of the fuel and promotion of the fire in the lower part ofthe kiln.

In other kilns the forward portion of the fire, as in compartment 4, andparticularly the bottom of the same, burns sluggishly1 and is smotheredowing to deficiency of oxygen, as this portion only receives thenon-combustible products of the back fire. To aid the fire here, Iconnect the hot air flue K through branch Hue N, with the draft passageB of compartment 4. A portion of the current of hot air passing from thecooling brick will now pass under the AHoor of compartment 4, becomesuperheated and enter the compartment through the perforated Hoor. Or byopening the cover V I can let a portion of fresh air enter through theflue u and enter the bottom of the kiln in the same manner.

Having thus described my invention, what AI claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a continuous kiln the combination oflongitudinal flues disposed below its compartment floors and com municatin g with said compartments, and a hot air flue K having branch,damper-controlled communications with the tops of the compartments andwith saidlongitudinal flues, substantially as herein described.

2. In a continuous kiln, the combination of a hot air flue K and thebranch fine M communicating with said hot air flue and extending downbelow the floor and communicating with the outside and inside of thekiln compartment, substantially as herein described.

3. In a continuous kiln, the combination of the flues L under thecompartment floors and communicating with said compartments, thetransverse exit passages B communicating with said flues L and with thesmoke chamber, the hot air flue K and the damper controlled branch iluesM from said hot air flue, said branch lines passing under the kilncompartmentsand having communications with the inner and outer sidesthereof, substantially as herein described.

4. In a continuous kiln, the combination of the lines L under thecompartment floors, and communicating with said compartments, thetransverse exit passages B communicating with said fiues L and with thesmoke chamber, the hot air liuc K, the damper controlled branch lnes Ofrom said hot air Hue and communicating with the upper portions of thekiln compartments, and the damper controlled branch tlues M from saidhot air flue, said branch ilues passing under the kiln compartments andhaving communications with the inner and outer sides thereof,substantially as herein described.

5. In a continuous kiln the combination of the i'lues Lunderthecompartment floors and communicating therewith, the transversepassages B communicating with tlues L, the'hot air liue K, the dampercontrolled fines O communicating with the hot air flue and with the kilncompartments, and the damper controlled fines N communicating with saidhot air flue and with the transverse passages B, substantially as hereindescribed.

6. In a continuous kiln, the combination of the fluesL under thecompartment oors and communicating therewith, the transverse passages Bcommunicating with Iiues L, the iiues N communicating with the passagesB and the cover controlled flues u communicating with the [lues N andwith the outer air, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

PETER L. YOUNGREN. Witnesses:

S. H. N oURsE, J. A. BAYLEss.

